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Antibiotic Losses from Unprotected Manure Stockpiles

^a Dep. of Plant and Earth Science, Univ. of Wisconsin-River Falls, 410 S. 3rd St., River Falls, WI 54022
^b Dep. of Soil, Water, and Climate, Univ. of Minnesota, 1991 Upper Buford Circle, St. Paul, MN 55108

View larger version (27K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Setup for the manure stockpiling experiment.

View larger version (22K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Daily precipitation and runoff in Experiment 1 (A) and Experiment 2 (B).

View larger version (25K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Concentrations of chlortetracycline (A), monensin (B), and tylosin (C) in manure pile runoff in Experiment 1 and Experiment 2. Error bars represent SD of the mean.

View larger version (27K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 4. In situ degradation of chlortetracycline (A), monensin (B), and tylosin (C) in manure in Experiment 1 and Experiment 2. Data are fitted with a first-order decay function. Error bars represent SD of the mean.