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Evaluating Phosphorus Loss from a Florida Spodosol as Affected by Phosphorus-Source Application Methods

^a Soil and Water Sci. Dep., Univ. of Florida, 106 Newell Hall, P.O. Box 110510, Gainesville, FL 32611-0510
^b Crop Science Dep., North Carolina State Univ., 4104 Williams Hall, P.O. Box 7620, Raleigh, NC 27695-7620

View larger version (23K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Effects of surface-applied amendments on total amounts (runoff and leachate for three rainfall events) of (A) total P, (B) total dissolved P, and (C) soluble reactive P losses in runoff and leachate. Bars represent average values of three replicates. Treatments having the same letter are not different by the Tukey multiple comparison at significance level () of 0.05. CTRL = control samples (no P application); DSNY = Disney biosolids-treated soil; GRU = Gainesville biosolids-treated soil; LKLD = Lakeland biosolids-treated soil; mLGT = Milorganite biosolids-treated soil; OCUD = Orange County biosolids-treated soil; TSP = triple superphosphate-treated soil.

View larger version (24K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Effects of soil incorporation of P sources on total amounts (runoff and leachate for three rainfall events) of (A) total P, (B) total dissolved P, and (C) soluble reactive P losses in runoff and leachate. Bars represent average values of three replicates. Treatments having the same letter are not different by the Tukey multiple comparison at significance level () of 0.05.

View larger version (25K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Runoff bioavailable P (BAP) and total dissolved P (TDP) losses arising from the surface application of the P sources for the three rainfall events. Bars represent average values of three replicates. Treatments having the same letter are not different by the Tukey multiple comparison at significance level () of 0.05. CTRL = control samples (no P application); DSNY = Disney biosolids-treated soil; GRU = Gainesville biosolids-treated soil; LKLD = Lakeland biosolids-treated soil; mLGT = Milorganite biosolids-treated soil; OCUD = Orange County biosolids-treated soil; TSP = triple superphosphate-treated soil.

View larger version (20K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Effects of amendment application method on P losses in runoff and leachate in the form of (A) total P, (B) total dissolved P, and (C) soluble reactive P. Bars represent average values of 18 replicates. Treatments having the same letter are not different by the Tukey multiple comparison at significance level () of 0.05.

View larger version (14K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 5. (A) Concentration of total dissolved P as a function of source water-extractable P (WEP), and (B) mass of total dissolved P as a function of environmentally effective P load of the P sources (PWEP x total P applied).