Published online 1 March 2008
Published in J Environ Qual 37:417-428 (2008)
DOI: 10.2134/jeq2007.0049
© 2008 American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America
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Phosphorus Fertilizer and Grazing Management Effects on Phosphorus in Runoff from Dairy Pastures
Warwick J. Doughertya,*,
Paul J. Nichollsc,
Paul J. Milhama,b,
Euie J. Havilahd and
Roy A. Lawriea
a New South Wales Dep. of Primary Industries, Locked Bag 4, Richmond, NSW, Australia 2753
b Centre for Plant and Food Science, Univ. of Western Sydney, LB 1797, Penrith South DC, NSW, Australia 1797
c New South Wales Dep. of Primary Industries, Elizabeth Macarthur Agricultural Inst., PMB 8, Camden, NSW, Australia 2570
d New South Wales Dep. of Primary Industries, Pasture Research Unit, PO Box 63, Berry, NSW, Australia 2535

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Fig. 1. Location of the research site in relation to the main dairying regions (shaded) in southeast Australia.
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Fig. 2. Soil P concentrations at start of the experiment (T0 = average for all plots) and after 3 yr of P application for the 0- to 10-cm and 0- to 2-cm soil depths for each of the treatments (bars represent SE). The effect of P rate on CaCl2–P and Olsen P after 3 years was significant (P < 0.01).
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Fig. 3. Mean runoff total phosphorus (TP) concentration for each of the treatments for all runoff events. SE bars are presented. Artificial runoff events are shown in light gray.
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Fig. 4. Modeled effects of application number on runoff total phosphorus (TP) concentration for each rate of P (thin lines are 95% confidence intervals). Effects were estimated at the mean values of the other factors included in the model and back-transformed from the logarithmic scale. Application number refers to an application of half the rates of P fertilizer because fertilizer was applied as two split applications per year. Partial residuals, which subtract the effects of the other model terms from the TP data, are plotted for each rate of P.
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Fig. 5. Modeled effects of time since fertilizer on runoff total phosphorus (TP) concentration for each rate of P (thin lines are 95% confidence intervals). Effects were estimated at the mean values of the other factors included in the model and back-transformed from the logarithmic scale. The TP scale varies among the five plots. Partial residuals, which subtract the effects of the other model terms from the TP data, are plotted for each rate of P.
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Fig. 6. Modeled effects of dung P, pasture biomass, and time since grazing on runoff total phosphorus (TP) concentration (thin lines are 95% confidence intervals). Effects were estimated at the mean values of the other factors included in the model and back-transformed from the logarithmic scale. Partial residuals, which subtract the effects of the other model terms from the TP data, are plotted in each figure.
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Copyright © 2008 by the American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America.