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Bioremediation of Atrazine-Contaminated Soil by Forage Grasses: Transformation, Uptake, and Detoxification

^a Center for Agroforestry, School of Natural Resources, Univ. of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211
^b USDA Agricultural Research Service, Cropping and Water Quality Research Unit, Columbia, MO 65211

View larger version (22K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Degradation pathways of atrazine.

View larger version (20K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Loss of atrazine (ATR) and its metabolites deisopropylatrazine (DIA), deethylatrazine (DEA), and hydroxyatrazine (HA) to lysimeter leachates during the 25-d experimental period. Means followed by the same letter do not differ significantly at a 90% confidence level using LSD test ( = 0.1).

View larger version (36K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Total atrazine uptake and the distribution of the degradation products in forage grasses after 25 d. Means followed by the same letter do not differ significantly at a 90% confidence level using LSD test ( = 0.1). ATR, atrazine; DEA, deethylatrazine; DEHA, deethylhydroxyatrazine; DIA, deisopropylatrazine; DIHA, deisopropylhydroxyatrazine; HA, hydroxyatrazine.

View larger version (18K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Plant uptake of atrazine (ATR) and total transpiration rate of forages.

View larger version (11K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Proportion of total atrazine (ATR) in forage tissue as hydroxylated ATR degradation products (HADPs) and the susceptibility of forages to ATR at 1000 µg L–1. Means followed by the same letter do not differ significantly at a 90% confidence level using LSD test ( = 0.1).