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Controlled Application Rate of Water Treatment Residual for Agronomic and Environmental Benefits

^a Crop and Soil Science Dep., 512 Plant and Soil Science Bldg, Michigan State Univ., East Lansing MI 48824
^b Soil and Water Science Dep., P.O. Box 110510, Univ. of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-0510

View larger version (30K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Soil phosphorus storage capacity (SPSC, mg kg–1) values for the different treatments in (a) time zero and (b) time final samples taken during the glasshouse study. *Significant contrast at p = 0.005. ***Significant contrast at p = 0.0001. NS, nonsignificant contrast at p = 0.005; TSP, triple superphosphate; WTR, water treatment residuals.

View larger version (31K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Soil phosphorus storage capacity (SPSC, mg kg–1) values of A horizon (0–5 cm) samples from the field in (a) June 2003 as affected by the different treatments and (b) January and December 2004 as affected by P rates and WTR. Treatments in (a) ending in P and N are P- and N-based rates of the sources, respectively. Treatments in (a) or within the same sampling period in (b) capped with the same letters are not different at p = 0.05 by Tukey test. TSP, triple superphosphate; WTR, water treatment residuals.

View larger version (26K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Soil P storage capacity (SPSC, mg kg–1) and water-extractable P (WEP, mg kg–1) values of soil samples obtained from (a) glasshouse and (b) A horizon (0–5 cm) in the field study. Dashed lines locate zero SPSC values. WTR, water treatment residuals.

View larger version (23K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Bahiagrass dry matter yields (DM) and soil P storage capacity (SPSC, mg kg–1) values as a function of plant P concentrations in the glasshouse. Also shown are SPSC vs. plant P concentrations in the field study. Dashed lines locate critical P concentrations and SPSC values by Cate-Nelson approximation (Cate-Nelson, 1971). WTR, water treatment residuals.