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Revegetation of High Zinc and Lead Tailings with Municipal Biosolids and Lime: Greenhouse Study

^a Herrera Environmental Consultants, 2200 6th Ave. #100, Seattle, WA 98121
^b Box 352100, College of Forest Resources, Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195

View larger version (16K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Column design for columns used in the greenhouse study. The control (A) and the depth of amended horizon for the lime alone (B) and biosolids + lime amendments (C) are shown.

View larger version (24K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Leachate Zn concentrations (mg kg–1) for leachate collected from columns used in the greenhouse study. Means ± SD for each data point are shown (n = 3).

View larger version (13K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Leachate pH for samples collected from columns used in the greenhouse study. Values are the mean pH of all leachate collected over a 10-wk period. Bars with the same letter are not significantly different using the Duncan Waller means separation procedure.

View larger version (58K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 4. pH of the amended layer and the unamended tailings 0 to 7.5 cm and 7.5 to 15 cm below the amended layer of mine tailings from Leadville, CO mixed with municipal biosolids (224 Mg ha–1) and different types of lime (calcium carbonate equivalent application rate of 224 Mg ha–1) and used in a column study. pH was measured at the end of the study. Data are presented for the columns that received full leaching. Within each depth, treatments with the same letter are statistically similar (p < 0.05).

View larger version (52K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Dilute salt (0.01 M Ca(NO3)2–extractable Zn) in the amended layer and the 0- to 7.5-cm and 7.5- to 15-cm tailings below the amended layer of mine tailings from Leadville, CO mixed with municipal biosolids (224 Mg ha–1) and different types of lime (calcium carbonate equivalent application rate of 224 Mg ha–1) and used in a column study. Extractions were conducted with tailings collected from columns at the end of the study. Data are presented for the columns that received full leaching. Within each depth, treatments with the same letter are statistically similar (p < 0.05).

View larger version (51K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 6. Dilute salt (0.01 M Ca(NO3)2–extractable Cd) in the amended layer and the 0- to 7.5-cm and 7.5- to 15-cm soil below the amended layer of mine tailings from Leadville, CO mixed with municipal biosolids (224 Mg ha–1) and different types of lime (calcium carbonate equivalent application rate of 224 Mg ha–1) and used in a column study. Extractions were conducted with tailings collected from columns at the end of the study. Data are presented only for the columns that received full leaching. Within each depth, treatments with the same letter are statistically similar (p < 0.05).