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Flow-Through Rates and Evaluation of Solids Separation of Compost Filter Socks versus Silt Fence in Sediment Control Applications

^a Food, Agricultural, and Biological Engineering, The Ohio State Univ./Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH 44691
^b Filtrexx International, 1352 North Ave, NE Suite 10, Atlanta, GA 30307

View larger version (121K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Laboratory test setup using a flume 0.61-m width by 2.44-m length (2 by 8 ft.) to determine flow-through capacity of SiltSoxx and silt fence with clear water. (a) Outlet from supply tank, (b) pump, (c) filter, (d) flow meter, (e) valve, (f) header, (g) 20.3-cm diam. (8 in) SiltSoxx, (h) 151-L (40 gal) water tank, (i) timer, and (j) frame.

View larger version (115K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Laboratory test setup using a flume to determine filtration and flow-through capacity of SiltSoxx and silt fence using sediment-laden water. (a) Outlet from supply tank, (b) pump, (c) Y tee, (d) valve in recirculation line, (e) delivery line, (f) header, (g) 20.3-cm diam. (8 in) SiltSoxx, (h) by-pass flow line, (i) 643-L (170 gal) cone bottom tank, and (j) frame.

View larger version (166K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Filling of 30.5-cm diam. (12 in) SiltSoxx with coarse material.

View larger version (104K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Flow of sediment-laden water through sediment control devices at 0.126 L s–1 (2 gpm) at t = 10 min. From left to right, 61.0-cm (24 in) silt fence mounted 45.7 cm (18 in) above flume bottom, 20.3-cm diam. (8 in) coarse SiltSoxx, and 30.5-cm diam. (12 in) coarse SiltSoxx.

View larger version (31K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Flow-through rates (q0) for clear water vs. ponding depth of water for: (a) SiltSoxx (SS) using fine compost (see Table 1) for both 10° and 20° slopes vs. depth, (b) SS using coarse compost (see Table 1) for both 10° and 20° slopes vs. depth, (c) silt fence (SF) for both 10° and 20° slopes vs. depth, and (d) fine SS, coarse SS, and SF using regression equations.

View larger version (16K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 6. Effect of time on depth of sediment-laden water retained by the 30.5-cm diam. (12 in) coarse SiltSoxx and silt fence.

View larger version (18K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 7. Depth vs. sediment-laden water flow rate after 30 min of run time for the 20.3-cm diam. (8 in) coarse SiltSoxx (SS), 30.5-cm diam. (12 in) coarse SS, and 61.0-cm (24 in) silt fence mounted 45.7 cm (18 in) above flume bottom.

View larger version (25K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 8. (a–f) Evaluation of pond depth retained by a silt fence and SiltSoxx as a function of flow rate and time for sediment-laden water runoff.

View larger version (13K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 9. Time to overtop silt fence (SF) and SiltSoxx (SS) as a function of sediment-laden water flow rate. = 0.85 for SF and 0.80 for SS.

View larger version (27K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 10. Total solids removal efficiency for 20.3-cm diam. (8 in) coarse SiltSoxx (SS), 30.5-cm diam. (12 in) coarse SiltSoxx, and 61-cm (24 in) silt fence (SF) with a height of 45.7 cm (18 in) above the flume. The standard error of the means for each treatment is shown.

View larger version (10K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 11. Diagrammatic representation of control structure in operation and variables used to calculate water runoff rates. I = rainfall intensity, L = slope length, s = angle of slope, df = height of water retained by the filter perpendicular to slope, Df = filter height or diameter.