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Spatiotemporal Nonattainment Assessment of Surface Water Tetrachloroethylene in New Jersey

^a Dep. of Environmental Science & Engineering, School of Public Health, Univ. of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Rosenau Hall CB# 7431 Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7431
^b New Jersey Dep. of Environmental Protection, Division of Science, Research, and Technology, P.O. Box 409, Trenton, NJ 08625-0409

View larger version (67K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Study area-Tetrachloroethylene (PCE) monitoring stations and watershed management areas (WMAs) in New Jersey.

View larger version (30K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Yearly aggregated tetrachloroethylene (PCE) concentration (µg L-1) in (a) 1999 and (b) 2002.

View larger version (12K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Histogram showing the distribution of (a) raw tetrachloroethylene (PCE) monitoring data and (b) that of the log-transformed data.

View larger version (34K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 4. (a) Spatial and (b) temporal components of the mean trend model for the log-transformed tetrachloroethylene (PCE) field.

View larger version (20K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Covariance of the mean trend removed log-transformed tetrachloroethylene (PCE) field.

View larger version (33K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 6. (a) Map showing Stations 39, 135, and 167, and temporal plots of the Bayesian maximum entropy (BME) space/time estimate of surface water tetrachloroethylene (PCE) at (b) Station 39, (c) Station 135, and (d) Station 167.

View larger version (33K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 7. Maps showing the Bayesian maximum entropy (BME) estimate of surface water tetrachloroethylene (PCE) concentration on 15 Apr. 2002 (a) throughout the entire state of New Jersey and (b) over an area restricted to WMA05.

View larger version (54K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 8. Time series of the fraction of river miles in New Jersey that are highly likely in nonattainment, nonassessed, and highly likely in attainment from 1999 to 2003.

View larger version (36K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 9. Contribution of watershed management area (WMA) to river miles assessed as highly likely in nonattainment.

View larger version (56K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 10. Map of Bayesian maximum entropy (BME) error variance on 5 Feb. 2000 obtained from (a) the space/time analysis and (b) the purely spatial analysis.

View larger version (53K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 11. Time series of the fraction of river miles in New Jersey found to be in the various nonattainment statuses using the purely spatial analysis.