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Vertical Distribution and Speciation of Trace Metals in Weathering Flotation Residues of a Zinc/Lead Sulfide Mine

^a Institute of Geosciences, Mainz Univ., Becherweg 21, D-55099, Mainz, Germany. Present address: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (Eawag), CH-8600 Duebendorf, Switzerland
^b Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH Zurich, Universitätstrasse 16 CHN, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland
^c Vienna Univ., Center of Earth Sciences, Dep. of Environmental Geoscience, Althanstraße 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria

View larger version (13K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Schematic sketch of the deposition of the flotation tailings (not in scale) with the position of the soil core P3.

View larger version (30K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Soil pH (0.01 M CaCl2), total inorganic carbon (TIC), Ca, Mg, Zn, Mn, Cd, S, Pb, total organic carbon (TOC), Fe, and Ti contents in mmol kg–1 dry mass of the soil core P3. Samples additionally investigated by SCE and Zn K-edge extended X-ray adsorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy are shown in gray symbols.

View larger version (27K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Total extracted amount of Zn, Pb, Fe, and Mn of all five steps in mmol kg–1, percentage of Zn, Pb, Fe, and Mn extracted by sequential chemical extractions in samples P3–0.16, P3–0.7, and P3–3.0; F1 (NH4NO3), F2 (NH4OAc), F3 (NH2OH*HCl), F4 (NH4–EDTA), and F5 (HF/HNO3/HClO4).

View larger version (53K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Fig. 4. (A) Zinc K-edge extended X-ray adsorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectra of untreated and sequentially extracted soil samples from increasing profile depths and reference spectra (solid lines). Linear combination fit (LCF) spectra of the soil samples are offset for clarity (thin dashed lines). Details indicated by arrows are mentioned in the text. (B) Fourier transforms of the EXAFS spectra of soil samples and references (solid lines = magnitude; thin dashed lines = imaginary part). Vertical lines mark the approximate positions of the peaks for first shell O and S coordinated with Zn in the reference spectra.