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Published online 27 October 2006
Published in J Environ Qual 35:2333-2341 (2006)
DOI: 10.2134/jeq2006.0076
© 2006 American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America
677 S. Segoe Rd., Madison, WI 53711 USA
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Biosolids Affect Soil Barium in a Dryland Wheat Agroecosystem

J. A. Ippolito* and K. A. Barbarick

Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523-1170


Figure 1
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  		Fig. 1. Effects of biosolids application rates on soil sequential extraction Ba concentrations in the 0- to 20-cm depth, 2002–2003 crop year. Error bars represent one standard error of the mean (n = 4). Significant (P < 0.05) regression models are presented for the noncrystalline and crystalline Fe and Mn oxide phases.

 

Figure 2
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  		Fig. 2. Effects of biosolids application rates on soil sequential extraction Ba concentrations in the 20- to 60-cm depth, 2002–2003 crop year. Error bars represent one standard error of the mean (n = 4). Significant (P < 0.05) regression models are presented for the soluble and exchangeable phase and the noncrystalline Fe and Mn oxide phase.

 

Figure 3
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  		Fig. 3. Effects of biosolids application rates on soil NH4HCO3–diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (AB–DTPA)-extractable Ba concentrations in the (A) 0- to 20- and (B) 20- to 60-cm depths, 2002–2003 crop year. Error bars represent one standard error of the mean (n = 4).

 

Figure 4
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  		Fig. 4. Scanning electron microscopy image and energy dispersive spectroscopy elemental dot maps from the 0- to 20-cm depth, 26.8 Mg biosolids ha–1 treatment, 2002–2003 crop year.

 

Figure 5
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  		Fig. 5. Energy dispersive spectroscopy spectral analysis of a particle, possibly BaSO4, from the 0- to 20-cm depth, 26.8 Mg biosolids ha–1 treatment, 2002–2003 crop year, compared with a reagent-grade BaSO4 standard.

 

Figure 6
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  		Fig. 6. Schematic illustrating biosolids-Ba addition (based on 26.8 Mg biosolids-Ba ha–1 2002–2003 soils data) to soil followed by release of a Ba–dissolved organic matter (Ba–DOM) phase, Ba-DOM movement and mineralization, and mineral precipitation in the soil surface and subsurface. EC = electrical conductivity; µ = ionic strength.

 




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