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Transport of Coliphage in the Presence and Absence of Manure Suspension

^a USDA-ARS, George E. Brown, Jr., Salinity Laboratory, 450 W. Big Springs Road, Riverside CA 92507-4617
^b Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716

View larger version (22K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Observed and simulated effluent concentration curves (Fig. 1a) and spatial distributions (Fig. 1b) for indigenous somatic coliphage in manure suspension in 710-, 360-, 240-, and 150-µm sand. Simulations considered 1-site kinetic deposition (Eq. [1], [3] and [4]) and corresponding model parameters are given in Table 2.

View larger version (33K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. The cumulative size distribution for manure particles before and after passage through 710-, 360-, 240-, and 150-µm sand.

View larger version (16K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Effluent concentration curves for MS2 (Fig. 3a) and X174 (Fig. 3b) in 710-, 360-, 240-, and 150-µm sand in the absence of manure suspension.

View larger version (18K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Spatial distribution data for deposited MS2 (Fig. 4a) and X174 (Fig. 4b) in 710-, 360-, 240-, and 150-µm sand in the absence of manure suspension.

View larger version (24K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Observed and simulated effluent concentration curves (Fig. 5a) and spatial distributions (Fig. 5b) for X174 and MS2 in 150-µm sand in the absence of manure suspension and at 5 and 20°C. Here simulations considered 1-site kinetic deposition according to Eq. [1], [3], and [4]. Model parameters are provided in Table 4.

View larger version (12K): [in a new window]   Fig. 6. A semilog plot of observed and simulated somatic coliphage effluent concentration curves in 150-µm sand in the presence (indigenous somatic coliphage) and absence (X174) of manure suspension. One-site kinetic deposition model parameters are provided in Tables 2 and 4.