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Soil Organic Carbon and Nitrogen Accumulation in Plots of Rhizoma Perennial Peanut and Bahiagrass Grown in Elevated Carbon Dioxide and Temperature

^a USDA-ARS, Crop Genetics & Environmental Research, Building #350, P.O. Box 110965, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-0965
^b USDA-ARS, Columbia Plateau Conservation Research Center, P.O. Box 370, Pendleton, OR 97801-0370
^c Agronomy Department, 304 Newell Hall, P.O. Box 110500, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-0500. Y.C. Newman, current address: TAMU, 1229 North U.S. Hwy 281, Stephenville, TX 76401

View larger version (22K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Temperature-gradient greenhouse (TGG) layout illustrating 5- x 2-m field-soil plots of bahiagrass (BG) and rhizoma perennial peanut (PP) in four temperature zones. Each TGG consisted of an entry zone (3.66 m long, not shown), four experimental zones (each 5.49 m long), and one exit zone (1.83 m long, not shown). Arrows indicate the direction of air flow. Heated air was introduced between Zones 1 and 2, 2 and 3, and 3 and 4 to provide step-change in temperature, in conjunction with a variable speed exhaust fan. Both the ventilation fan and the heated air inputs were under computer control. A CO2 injection system (not illustrated) was provided for two of the four TGGs.

View larger version (46K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Comparisons of changes in soil organic carbon (SOC) and soil organic nitrogen (SON) before and after the 6-yr experimental period (1995 through 2000) at Gainesville, Florida. Total (A) soil organic carbon (SOC) and (B) soil organic nitrogen (SON) concentrations at the beginning and at the end of the experiment pooled for all CO2, temperature, and species treatments (the data plotted as 2001 were actually sampled in December 2000). Mean 6-yr gains in (C) SOC and (D) SON in plots of rhizoma perennial peanut (PP) and bahiagrass (BG) pooled for CO2 and temperature treatments. Comparison of the overall effect of two levels of carbon dioxide concentration (360 and 700 µmol mol–1, indicated by ppm, mole fraction) on gains of (E) SOC and (F) SON pooled for temperature and species treatments. Comparison of the CO2 x species interaction effects on (G) SOC and (H) SON gains pooled over temperature treatments. Comparison of the overall effect of four levels of temperature treatments on gains of (I) SOC and (J) SON pooled for CO2 and species treatments. Error bars indicate standard deviations of the means.

View larger version (65K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Belowground biomass in 1996 and 1997 of perennial peanut (PP) and bahiagrass (BG) grown under 360 or 700 µmol mol–1 (indicated by ppm, mole fraction) CO2 for comparison with Fig. 2C and 2D and Fig. 2G and 2H. Adapted from Boote et al. (1999).