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Sorption of Trace Metals by Standard and Micro Suction Cups in the Absence and Presence of Dissolved Organic Carbon

^a Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research (WSL), CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland
^b Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland

View larger version (23K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Cadmium (a) and copper (b) concentrations, corrected for mixing, in the percolate collected from different standard-size suction cups at pH 4.5. For the conditions at Steps 1 to 4 of the experiment refer to the Materials and Methods section and Table 3. Volumes are given in multiples of the pore volume (V0) of the respective cup. The reference lines show the expected metal concentrations if no interaction with the cup materials occurred (i.e., the concentration measured in the initial solution).

View larger version (25K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Cadmium (a) and copper (b) concentrations, corrected for mixing, in the percolate collected from different standard-size suction cups at pH 7.5. For the conditions at Steps 1 to 4 of the experiment refer to the Materials and Methods section and Table 3. Volumes are given in multiples of the pore volume (V0) of the respective cup. The reference lines show the expected metal concentrations if no interaction with the cup materials occurred (i.e., the concentration measured in the initial solution). Copper concentrations in the percolates from polytetrafluorethylene (PTFE), ceramic, and glass cups in Steps 1, 2, and 3 were all below the detection limit of 0.004 µmol L–1 and are plotted at this value.

View larger version (20K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Cadmium (a) and copper (b) concentrations in the percolate collected from different micro suction cups at pH 4.5. For the conditions at Steps 1 to 5 of the experiment refer to the Materials and Methods section and Table 3. Volumes are given in multiples of the pore volume (V0) of the respective cup. The reference lines show the expected metal concentrations if no interaction with the cup materials occurred (i.e., the concentration measured in the initial solution). The reference line for Cu in Step 1 is at the same value as in Steps 3 and 5.

View larger version (21K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Cadmium (a) and copper (b) concentrations in the percolate collected from different micro suction cups at pH 8.0. For the conditions at Steps 1 to 5 of the experiment refer to the Materials and Methods section and Table 3. Volumes are given in multiples of the pore volume (V0) of the respective cup. The reference lines show the expected metal concentrations if no interaction with the cup materials occurred (i.e., the concentration measured in the initial solution). The Cd concentrations in the percolate from the ceramic cup in Step 1 were at 0.0001 µmol L–1.

View larger version (19K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Light absorption at 254 nm in the percolate collected from different micro suction cups at pH 4.5 and 8.0 in Steps 4 and 5 of the percolation experiment (for conditions refer to the Materials and Methods section and Table 3). Absorption is plotted relative to the absorption of the initial solution of Step 4 containing dissolved organic carbon (DOC) (A0). Volumes are given in multiples of the pore volume (V0) of the respective cup.