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Loss Pathways of N-Nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) in Turfgrass Soils

^a Dip. Scienze del Suolo, Pianta e Ambiente, Univ. of Naples, Portici, 80055, Italy
^b Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521
^c Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720

View larger version (18K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Dissipation of total 14C activity from 14C-NDMA-treated in situ lysimeters in turfgrass plots under field conditions. (A) Overall dissipation trends. (B) Dissipation kinetics from 28 h after 14C-NDMA application. Vertical lines are standard errors of measurements from three replicated lysimeters.

View larger version (18K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Dissipation of dichloromethane extractable 14C activity from 14C-NDMA-treated in situ lysimeters in turfgrass plots under field conditions. (A) Overall dissipation trends. (B) Dissipation kinetics from 28 h after 14C-NDMA application. Vertical lines are standard errors of measurements from three replicated lysimeters.

View larger version (14K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Vertical distribution of total and extractable 14C activities at different times in 14C-NDMA-treated in situ sandy loam lysimeters in turfgrass plots under field conditions. Bars are means of three replicates and lines are standard errors.

View larger version (15K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Vertical distribution of total and extractable 14C activities at different times in 14C-NDMA-treated in situ loamy sand lysimeters in turfgrass plots under field conditions. Bars are mean of three replicates and lines are standard errors.

View larger version (16K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Total and dichloromethane extractable 14C activity in plant tissues from 14C-NDMA-treated in situ lysimeters in turfgrass plots. Vertical lines are standard errors of measurements from three replicated lysimeters.

View larger version (16K): [in a new window]   Fig. 6. Volatilization of 14C-NDMA from water and soil under laboratory conditions at 20°C. (A) NDMA volatilization loss from water. (B) NDMA volatilization loss from a sandy loam soil.