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Published online 7 November 2005
Published in J Environ Qual 34:2243-2254 (2005)
DOI: 10.2134/jeq2005.0047
© 2005 American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America
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In Situ Measurements of Nitrate Leaching Implicate Poor Nitrogen and Irrigation Management on Sandy Soils

R. J. Gehla, J. P. Schmidtb,*, L. R. Stonea, A. J. Schlegela and G. A. Clarkc

a Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, 2004 Throckmorton Plant Sciences Center, Manhattan, KS 66506
b USDA-ARS, Building 3702, Curtin Road, University Park, PA 16802
c Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Kansas State University, 147 Seaton Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506



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Fig. 1. Map of Kansas, USA, with the study site identified in Stafford County.

 


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Fig. 2. Plot layout at the study site including IrriGage placement.

 


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Fig. 3. Weekly summary of irrigation and rainfall data in 2001 and 2002. 1.0x IS = optimum irrigation; 1.25x IS = >25% optimum irrigation.

 


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Fig. 4. Water flux determined at the 152-cm depth for two irrigation schedules (recommended rate and 25% over recommended rate) during the 2001 and 2002 growing seasons. On a given sampling date, {dagger} indicates a significant difference in water flux between irrigation treatments (Prob. > F = 0.10).

 


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Fig. 5. Mean soil water NO3–N concentrations (152-cm depth) throughout the growing season for (A, B) several N (kg N ha–1) treatments and (C, D) two irrigation treatments. Means labeled with the same letter on a given date are not different as determined by LSD at {alpha} = 0.10. Significant differences in NO3–N from one sampling date to the next are indicated with a {dagger}, N treatment by time interactions with a {dagger}N, and irrigation treatment by time interactions with a {dagger}I, as determined by repeated measures analysis at {alpha} = 0.10.

 


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Fig. 6. Seasonal leaching losses of NO3–N for four N treatments and two water treatments in 2001 and 2002. Bars labeled with the same letter for a given year are not different as determined by LSD at {alpha} = 0.10.

 





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