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Reducing Sediment and Phosphorus in Tributary Waters with Alum and Polyacrylamide

^a Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521
^b Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521

View larger version (38K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Map of the Salton Sea and its tributaries: the Whitewater, New, and Alamo Rivers (• denotes sampling sites).

View larger version (29K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Results of 2-L jar tests performed with New River water and various amendment additions as the paddle speed is reduced (settling, solid line) then increased (resuspension, dashed line).

View larger version (21K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Turbidity removal at 50 RPM in jar tests performed with various polyacrylamide (PAM) (2 mg L–1) in both (a) New River and (b) Alamo River water, where charge density (%) is reported by the manufacturers.

View larger version (25K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Turbidity at 50 RPM in jar tests (2 mg L–1 polyacrylamide [PAM] + 4 mg L–1 alum-Al) with Alamo River water, where charge density (%) is reported by the manufacturers.

View larger version (18K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Effect of polymer charge density on the strength of the floc formed in the presence of 2 mg L–1 polyacrylamide [PAM] + 4 mg L–1 alum-Al additions in Alamo River water, where charge density (%) is reported by the manufacturers.

View larger version (24K): [in a new window]   Fig. 6. Phosphorus removal after 5 min of settling at 0 RPM in the jar tests with Alamo River water, expressed as a fraction of the initial soluble phosphorus (PSi) and initial particulate phosphorus (PPi).