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Distribution and Speciation of Metals in Annual Rings of Black Willow

^a Consortium for Risk Evaluation with Stake Holder Participation, Environmental and Occupational Health Science Institute, Division of Life Sciences, Rutgers University, 604 Allison Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854
^b Consortium for Advanced Radiation Sources, The University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637
^c Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, University of Georgia, Drawer E, Aiken, SC 29802

View larger version (35K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Density of the black willow woody tissue sample (g cm–3), shown against fluorescence yields for Fe and Ni.

View larger version (114K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. (A) Photomicrograph of the annual rings of black willow collected from Steed Pond, shown alongside micro synchrotron X-ray fluorescence (SXRF) microanalysis elemental maps (25 x 5 mm) of (B) nickel, (C) copper, (D) zinc, and (E) manganese, expressed as mg kg–1.

View larger version (18K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Representative Mn K-edge X-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy (XANES) of a Ni-enriched annual ring of black willow collected from Steed Pond and Mn-bearing standards (MnSO4·H2O, MnCl2·H2O, Mn2O3, and MnO2).

View larger version (35K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. (A) Nickel K-edge X-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy (XANES) spectra of a Ni-enriched annual ring of black willow collected from Steed Pond and selected Ni bearing standards [Ni(NO3)·6H2O, NiSO4, NiO, NiCl, Ni3(PO4)2, Ni–citrate, and 2NiCO3·3Ni(OH)2·4H2O)]. (B) Close up of the 1s 3d transition pre-edge for the same compounds. The dashed line represents the centroid of the pre-edge peak in black willow.