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Measuring Sorption of Hydrophilic Organic Compounds in Soils by an Unsaturated Transient Flow Method

^a Department of Soil and Water, University of Adelaide, PMB1, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia
^b Current address: Faculty of Horticulture, Chiba University, 648 Matsudo, Matsudo, Chiba, 271-8510 Japan
^c National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, Kannondai 3-1-3, Tsukuba, 305-8604 Japan
^d CSIRO Land and Water, PMB2, Glen Osmond, SA 5064 Australia

View larger version (24K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Schematic diagram of determination of solute sorption by the unsaturated transient flow method (after Katou et al., 2001). Initial liquid-phase concentration, Cn, and initial sorption by soil, Qn, are obtained from the M vs. (/) plot for x > x*. n = initial water content; s = water content at the column inlet; Mn = initial solute content in soil; = bulk density; x* = plane of separation.

View larger version (21K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Water content profiles on one-dimensional infiltration of water into soil columns spiked with monocrotophos and dichlorvos. x* = plane of separation; t = time; n = initial water content.

View larger version (23K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Monocrotophos and dichlorvos content profiles on one-dimensional infiltration of water into soil columns spiked with pesticides. M = pesticide content in soil; Mn = initial pesticide content; Qn = initial sorption by soil; n = initial water content; x* = plane of separation.

View larger version (21K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Relationships between pesticide content in soil, M, and the solution volume per unit mass of soil, (/), in the region x > x* for monocrotophos and dichlorvos. Note that for dichlorvos, data on samples taken from the dry end of the column (at n) were excluded from the regression analysis. Cn = initial liquid-phase concentration; Qn = initial sorption by soil; n = initial water content; x = distance; x* = plane of separation.

View larger version (17K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Relationship between pesticide content in soil, M, and the solution volume per unit mass of soil, (/), in the region x > x* for monocrotophos at a higher initial soil water content ( = 0.19 m3 m–3). Cn = initial liquid-phase concentration; Qn = initial sorption by soil; n = initial water content; x = distance; x* = plane of separation.