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Assessment of Herbicide Leaching Risk in Two Tropical Soils of Reunion Island (France)

^a Laboratoire Chimie de l'Eau et de l'Environnement, LCEE-UMR 6008 (CNRS, Université de Poitiers), 40 Avenue du Recteur Pineau, 86022 Poitiers cedex, France
^b CIRAD, BP 20, 97408 Saint Denis, Messag cedex 9, France
^c CIRAD, 7 Chemin de l'IRAT, 97410 Saint Pierre, France
^d Laboratoire d'étude des Transferts en Hydrologie et Environnement, LTHE-UMR 5564 (CNRS, INPG, IRD, UJF), BP 53, 38041 Grenoble cedex 9, France

View larger version (33K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Map of Reunion Island and location of the study area.

View larger version (19K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Adsorption isotherms of herbicides measured in the Vertic (BV) and Andepts (BA) Inceptisols at 37°C. Lines represent fitted linear equations and R2 values are the corresponding coefficients of determination.

View larger version (18K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Decay curves of herbicides measured in the Vertic (BV) and Andepts (BA) Inceptisols at 37°C. Lines are fitted to first-order reactions and R2 values are the corresponding coefficients of determination.

View larger version (40K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Frequency analysis of (a) daily rainfall and (b) daily recharge rate performed by 10-d periods on the 13-yr (1989–2001) series. Lines correspond to various thresholds.

View larger version (19K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Phase plot of the herbicides leaching in the two soils at three different fluxes (q = 10, 25, and 50 mm/d). Compounds lying to the right of the lines are considered to present a ground water risk at = 0.1%. DT50, half-life, Koc, sorption coefficient; q, soil volumetric water flux.