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9,10-Phenanthrenequinone Photoautocatalyzes its Formation from Phenanthrene, and Inhibits Biodegradation of Naphthalene

Jonathan Holta,d, Seth Hothemb, Heidi Howertonb, Richard Larsonb and Robert Sanforda,c,*

a Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801
b Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801
c Department of Geology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801
d Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801



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Fig. 1. Structures of various polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs).

 


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Fig. 2. Photodegradation of phenanthrene in 1:1 acetonitrile to water.

 


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Fig. 3. Comparison of photodegradation of phenanthrene (0.01 mM) with and without an equimolar amount of phenanthrenequinone added at the beginning of the reaction.

 


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Fig. 4. Comparison of photodegradation of phenanthrene in air-saturated and argon-purged solution.

 


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Fig. 5. Percent removal of naphthalene (Nap) by a Nap-degrading community in the presence of various 9,10-phenanthrenequinone (PheQ) concentrations. The terms "Sat PheQ," "10% Sat PheQ," and "1% sat PheQ" indicate PheQ concentrations at saturation (4 mg/L), 10% of saturation (0.4 mg/L), and 1% of saturation (0.04 mg/L), respectively. "No PheQ" contained no PheQ, while "sterile control" contained no inoculum. Error bars represent two standard errors.

 


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Fig. 6. Naphthalene (Nap) concentrations in Nap-degrading communities in the presence of 9,10-phenanthrenequinone (PheQ) or phenanthrene (Phe). The Nap-containing cultures were amended as follows with Phe or PheQ: "Saturated PheQ," PheQ at saturation (4 mg/L); "Nap only," no PheQ or Phe; "Saturated Phe," Phe at saturation (0.25 mg/L); "Low PheQ," PheQ at 0.25 mg/L; "Sterile controls," two representatives of each previously mentioned treatment containing no inoculum. Error bars represent two standard errors.

 


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Fig. 7. 9,10-Phenanthrenequinone (PheQ) remaining in phenanthrene (Phe)-degrading enrichment as a function of time. Culture was spiked (arrows) twice; first with 200 and then 300 mg/L Phe.

 





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The SCI Journals Agronomy Journal Crop Science
Journal of Natural Resources
and Life Sciences Education
Vadose Zone Journal
Soil Science Society of America Journal Journal of Plant Registrations The Plant Genome
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