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Fig. 1. Carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra: (A) solid-state NMR spectra of montmorillonitehumic acid (HA) complex; (B) rotor background spectrum; (C) differential spectrum between A and B (i.e., difference of free induction decay signals); (D) liquid-state NMR spectrum of the HA left in the solution after coating on montmorillonite; (E) solid-state NMR spectra of the HA left in solution after coating on kaolinite and freeze-drying; and (F) solid-state NMR of the source HA.
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