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The Effect of pH on Metal Accumulation in Two Alyssum Species

^a USDA-ARS, Animal Manure and By-Product Laboratory, BARC-W, Building 007, Beltsville, MD 20705
^b Department of Natural Resource Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742
^c Oregon State University, Southern Oregon Experimental Station, Central Point, OR 97502

View larger version (20K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. The effect of pH and hydrous ferric oxide (HFO) treatments of the Quarry, Welland, and Brockman soils on Ni concentrations in shoots of Alyssum murale and A. corsicum. The HFO treatments were not included in the data sets for curve fitting. Error bars represent ±standard errors. Solid symbols, limestone-only treatment; open symbols, limestone + HFO. Lines represent linear or quadratic best fit.

View larger version (19K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. The effect of pH and hydrous ferric oxide (HFO) treatments of the Quarry, Welland, and Brockman soils on Co concentrations in shoots of Alyssum murale and A. corsicum. The HFO treatments were not included in the data sets for curve fitting. Error bars represent ±standard errors. Solid symbols, limestone-only treatment; open symbols, limestone + HFO. Lines represent exponential decay, exponential growth, or quadratic best fit.

View larger version (23K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. The effect of pH and hydrous ferric oxide (HFO) treatments of the Welland soil on Cu and Zn concentrations in shoots of Alyssum murale and A. corsicum. The HFO treatments were not included in the data sets for curve fitting. Error bars represent ±standard errors. Solid symbols, limestone-only treatment; open symbols, limestone + HFO. Lines represent linear best fit.

View larger version (37K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Sodium pyrophosphate–extractable (organically bound) metals in Quarry, Welland, and Brockman soils at plant harvest. Error bars represent ±standard errors. Lines represent linear or quadratic best fit.

View larger version (28K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. The effect of pH treatment on the DTPA-extractable Ni and Fe in Quarry, Welland, and Brockman soils at plant harvest (1 g soil to 20 mL solution). Error bars represent ±standard errors. Lines represent linear best fit.

View larger version (37K): [in a new window]   Fig. 6. Concentrations of Ni, Co, Cu, and Zn in four consecutive saturation extracts of Quarry, Welland, and Brockman soils.

View larger version (38K): [in a new window]   Fig. 7. The relationship between amount of Ni extracted in four consecutive saturation extracts obtained from the Quarry, Welland, and Brockman soils, and the amount of Ni phytoextracted by shoots of A. corsicum and A. murale. Error bars represent ±standard errors. Soil pH treatments (Brockman acidified, Quarry calcareous, Welland calcareous) resulting in the highest shoot Ni concentrations attainable on each soil were selected for this graph.