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Effect of Surfactants on Solubilization and Degradation of Phenanthrene under Thermophilic Conditions

^a Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, P.R. China
^b Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01002

View larger version (18K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. (A) Phenanthrene (PHE) degradation and (B) soluble protein accumulation during PHE degradation by isolated strain Bacillus sp. B-UM at various PHE concentrations.

View larger version (22K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Enhancement of phenanthrene solubilization with increasing concentrations of synthetic surfactants and biosurfactants. P. 9027, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027; P-CG3, Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain P-CG3.

View larger version (36K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Effect of synthetic surfactants and biosurfactants at various concentrations on phenanthrene degradation with time. CMC, critical micelle concentration; P. 9027, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027; P-CG3, Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain P-CG3.

View larger version (49K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Changes in surface tension before and after degradation of phenanthrene in the presence of synthetic surfactants or biosurfactants. CMC, critical micelle concentration; P. 9027, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027; P-CG3, Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain P-CG3.

View larger version (17K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. A positive correlation between surface tension of mineral salts medium and degradation rates of phenanthrene during degradation tests with synthetic surfactant and biosurfactant addition. r, Pearson correlation coefficient. P. 9027, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027; P-CG3, Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain P-CG3.

View larger version (18K): [in a new window]   Fig. 6. Growth test of phenanthrene-degrading strain Bacillus sp. B-UM in the presence of individual synthetic surfactants and biosurfactants. CMC, critical micelle concentration; P. 9027, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027; P-CG3, Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain P-CG3.

View larger version (45K): [in a new window]   Fig. 7. Growth balance of strain Bacillus sp. B-UM during a degradation test. Hatched and crosshatched bars represent bacterial growth from metabolizing phenanthrene (PHE) and each surfactant, respectively. CMC, critical micelle concentration; P. 9027, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027; P-CG3, Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain P-CG3.