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Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium Uptake by Wheat and Their Distribution in Soil following Successive, Annual Compost Applications

A. Bar-Tala,*, U. Yermiyahub, J. Berauda,d, M. Keinana, R. Rosenberga, D. Zoharc, V. Rosena,e and P. Finea

a Department of Soil Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, the Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization, P.O.B. 6, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel
b Agricultural Research Organization, Gilat Research Center, D.N. Negev 85280, Israel
c Shaham, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Bet Dagan 50250, P.O.B. 6, Israel
d Present address: Réseau des Missions Déchets, APCA–Chambres d'Agriculture, 9, Avenue George V, F-75008 Paris, France
e Present address: Interdepartmental Equipment Unit, Faculty of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Quality Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel



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Fig. 1. Dry matter production by aboveground wheat plants with time in the first, second, and third years of fertilized (solid lines and filled symbols) and control (dashed lines and empty symbols) plants and application of sewage sludge compost (SSC, solid lines and filled symbols) and cattle manure compost (CMC, dashed lines and empty symbols) at three rates (3, 6, and 12 kg m–2 yr–1). Each point represents the mean of four replicates (10–20 plants per replicate) and the bars represent the SE.

 


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Fig. 2. Nitrogen uptake by wheat (aboveground organs) with time in the first, second, and third years of fertilized (solid lines and filled symbols) and control (dashed lines and empty symbols) plants and application of sewage sludge compost (SSC, solid lines and filled symbols) and cattle manure compost (CMC, dashed lines and empty symbols) at three rates (3, 6, and 12 kg m–2 yr–1). Each point represents the mean of four replicates (10–20 plants per replicate) and the bars represent the SE.

 


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Fig. 3. Phosphorus uptake by wheat (aboveground organs) with time in the first, second, and third years of fertilized (solid lines and filled symbols) and control (dashed lines and empty symbols) plants and application of sewage sludge compost (SSC, solid lines and filled symbols) and cattle manure compost (CMC, dashed lines and empty symbols) at three rates (3, 6, and 12 kg m–2 yr–1). Each point represents the mean of four replicates (10–20 plants per replicate) and the bars represent the SE.

 


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Fig. 4. Potassium uptake by wheat (aboveground organs) with time in the first, second, and third years of fertilized (solid lines and filled symbols) and control (dashed lines and empty symbols) plants and application of sewage sludge compost (SSC, solid lines and filled symbols) and cattle manure compost (CMC, dashed lines and empty symbols) at three rates (3, 6, and 12 kg m–2 yr–1). Each point represents the mean of four replicates (10–20 plants per replicate) and the bars represent the SE.

 


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Fig. 5. Dynamics of mineral N concentration in the soil layers of the containers during three growing seasons of fertilized (solid lines and filled symbols) and control (dashed lines and empty symbols) treatments and application of sewage sludge compost (SSC, solid lines and filled symbols) and cattle manure compost (CMC, dashed lines and empty symbols) at three rates (3, 6, and 12 kg m–2 yr–1). Each point represents the mean of four replicates and the bars represent the SE.

 


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Fig. 6. Dynamics of available P in soil layers in the third growing seasons of fertilized (solid lines and filled symbols) and control (dashed lines and empty symbols) treatments and application of sewage sludge compost (SSC, solid lines and filled symbols) and cattle manure compost (CMC, dashed lines and empty symbols) at three rates (3, 6, and 12 kg m–2 yr–1). Each point represents the mean of four replicates and the bars represent the SE.

 


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Fig. 7. Dynamics of available K in soil layers in the third growing seasons of fertilized (solid lines and filled symbols) and control (dashed lines and empty symbols) treatments and application of sewage sludge compost (SSC, solid lines and filled symbols) and cattle manure compost (CMC, dashed lines and empty symbols) at three rates (3, 6, and 12 kg m–2 yr–1). Each point represents the mean of four replicates and the bars represent the SE.

 





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