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Surface Runoff Losses of Phosphorus from Virginia Soils Amended with Turkey Manure Using Phytase and High Available Phosphorus Corn Diets

^a Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech, 330 Smyth Hall, Blacksburg, VA 24061
^b Department of Plant and Soil Science, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19717

View larger version (20K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Mean runoff dissolved reactive phosphorus (DRP) and total P concentrations following surface applications of different poultry manures to tall fescue during (a) Rainfall Event 1, (b) Rainfall Event 2, and (c) Rainfall Event 3. Letters above bars columns identify groupings of means that are not significant at p = 0.05, with uppercase denoting DRP and lowercase denoting total P.

View larger version (16K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Effect of particulate manure lost in runoff on Event 1 runoff dissolved reactive phosphorus (DRP) and total phosphorus (total P) concentrations.

View larger version (18K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Effect of manure application rates on sediment concentrations in runoff from manure-amended soils during each rainfall event.

View larger version (12K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Relationship between measured sediment water soluble phosphorus (WSP) and dissolved reactive phosphorus (DRP) concentrations in runoff from manure-amended soils. Measured sediment WSP concentration was determined from WSP extracted from manure using a manure to solution ratio equal to measured sediment concentration to measured runoff volume.

View larger version (26K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Relative contribution of manure sediment losses and manure water soluble phosphorus (WSP) concentrations to measured Event 1 runoff dissolved reactive phosphorus (DRP) concentrations. Relative manure WSP and sediment levels were calculated on a 1 to 10 scale with the highest sediment and manure WSP concentration set equal to 10 and all others calculated relative to it.