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Right arrow Soil Pollution

Remediating Munitions-Contaminated Soil with Zerovalent Iron and Cationic Surfactants

J. Park, S. D. Comfort*, P. J. Shea and T. A. Machacek

School of Natural Resources, University of Nebraska–Lincoln, 256 Keim Hall, Lincoln, NE 68583-0915



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Fig. 1. Effect of temperature on the aqueous concentration of HMX, RDX, and TNT.

 


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Fig. 2. Destruction of HMX and RDX by zerovalent iron (annealed and unannealed) when present alone or in combination. Error bars on symbols represent sample standard deviations of means (n = 4); where absent, bars fall within symbols.

 


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Fig. 3. (A) Surfactant concentration effects on HMX solubility in an aqueous matrix. (B) Surfactant effect on HMX, RDX, and TNT concentration in a soil slurry. Error bars represent sample standard deviations of means.

 


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Fig. 4. Destruction of HMX and RDX alone or in combination by unannealed Fe0 in a 3% (w/v) didecyl or HDTMA matrix. Error bars represent sample standard deviations of means.

 


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Fig. 5. (A) Scanning electron microscope (SEM) photo of unannealed iron. (B) Surface of unannealed iron after treating an aqueous solution containing solid-phase HMX. (C) Surface of unannealed iron following treatment of an aqueous–solid-phase HMX mixture with 2% (v/v) didecyl.

 





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