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Cover Cropping to Reduce Nitrate Loss through Subsurface Drainage in the Northern U.S. Corn Belt

^a Southwest Research and Outreach Center, University of Minnesota, Lamberton, MN 56152
^b Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, Room 411, Borlaug Hall, 1991 Upper Buford Circle, St. Paul, MN 55108
^c USDA-ARS, Room 439, Borlaug Hall, 1991 Upper Buford Circle, St. Paul, MN 55108

View larger version (22K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Long-term mean monthly precipitation (1961–2001) and mean monthly precipitation for the period 1999–2001 at Lamberton, MN, plotted as hydrologic years (e.g., 1 Oct. 1998 through 30 Sept. 1999).

View larger version (41K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Departure from the 41-yr total average precipitation versus departure from the 41-yr average air temperature for (a) October through December and (b) March through May at Lamberton, MN.

View larger version (34K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Mean annual subsurface drainage discharge as influenced by cropping phase with and without a winter rye cover crop from 1999 to 2001 at Lamberton, MN. Error bars represent standard errors of the least-square means of treatments. Letters above the bars represent statistically significant groups. Treatments with the same letter are not different (t test, pairwise comparison, = 0.1).

View larger version (31K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Mean annual NO–3–N loss in drainage discharge as influenced by cropping phase with and without a winter rye cover crop from 1999 to 2001 at Lamberton, MN. Error bars represent standard errors of the least-square means of treatments. Letters above the bars represent statistically significant groups. Treatments with the same letter are not different (t test, pairwise comparison, = 0.1).