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Longevity of Acid Discharges from Underground Mines Located above the Regional Water Table

^a 629 East Rolling Ridge Drive, Penn Eagle Industrial Park, Bellefonte, PA 16823
^b Plant and Soil Science, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506

View larger version (46K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. A simplified illustration of underground mines that are distinguished as "below-drainage" or "above-drainage." This refers to their capacity to be completely flooded after abandonment due to their relative location to the regional water table or regional flow system. See Callaghan et al. (1998) for a more thorough and detailed discussion of ground water flow in the Appalachian region of the USA.

View larger version (14K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Average values for flow, acidity, iron, and pH across years and months for the T&T data set.

View larger version (24K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Cumulative frequency plot for acidity and iron for two dates (1968 and 1999–2000). The percent change values of –38.8 for acidity and –59.2 for iron (Table 4) are used a conservative thresholds to indicate that changes more negative than these values are significantly different from a percent change of zero.

View larger version (25K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Changes in acidity and iron for five Pittsburgh sites where we had data for 1968, 1980, and 1999–2000. All five sites showed decreasing acidity and iron values.

View larger version (29K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Changes in acidity for Upper Freeport sites where we had data for 1968, 1980, and 1999–2000. The top graph shows 10 sites with acidity decreases, while five sites showed acidity increases.

View larger version (30K): [in a new window]   Fig. 6. Changes in iron for Upper Freeport sites where we had data for 1968, 1980, and 1999–2000. The top graph shows 11 sites with iron decreases, while four sites showed iron increases.