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Dissolved Organic Carbon and Disinfection By-Product Precursor Release from Managed Peat Soils

^a U.S. Geological Survey, 6000 J Street, Sacramento, CA 95819
^b International Water Management Institute, P.O. Box 2075, Colombo, Sri Lanka

View larger version (42K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Location of the study sites on Twitchell Island in the Sacramento–San Joaquin River delta, California. Ag1 and Ag2 are the agricultural sites, while W denotes the wetland site.

View larger version (35K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Site comparison of (a) bulk soil carbon content, (b) dissolved organic carbon (DOC) of the soil extractions, (c) specific ultraviolet light absorption (SUVA) of the extracted DOC, (d) available carbon content (measured as CO2 produced in 40 d) of bulk soils, (e) total trihalomethane formation potential (TTHMFP), and (f) specific trihalomethane formation potential (STHMFP) of the extracted dissolved organic C at Twitchell Island, California. Ag1 and Ag2, agricultural field sites; Wo, open-water wetland site; Wv, vegetated wetland site.

View larger version (31K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. The correlations between specific ultraviolet absorption (SUVA) and specific trihalomethane formation potential (STHMFP) for each site at Twitchell Island, California. Ag1 and Ag2, agricultural field sites; Wo, open-water wetland site; Wv, vegetated wetland site.

View larger version (21K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. The correlation between the specific trihalomethane formation potential (STHMFP) and the specific haloacetic acid formation potential (SHAAFP) in the extracted soils at Twitchell Island, California. Ag1 and Ag2, agricultural field sites; DOC, dissolved organic carbon; Wo, open-water wetland site; Wv, vegetated wetland site.

View larger version (40K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Soil layer comparison of (a) bulk soil carbon content, (b) dissolved organic carbon (DOC) of the soil extractions, (c) specific ultraviolet light absorption (SUVA) of the extracted DOC, (d) available carbon content (measured as CO2 produced in 40 d) of bulk soils, (e) total trihalomethane formation potential (TTHMFP), and (f) specific trihalomethane formation potential (STHMFP) of the extracted DOC at Twitchell Island, California. PL, plow layer; BPL, below-plow layer.

View larger version (18K): [in a new window]   Fig. 6. Seasonal trends in the specific trihalomethane formation potential (STHMFP) of (a) the agricultural site (Ag1) topsoil and (b) the vegetated wetland site (Wv) sediment layer for Twitchell Island, California. DOC, dissolved organic carbon.

View larger version (35K): [in a new window]   Fig. 7. Carbon characterization of the agricultural soils using 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) for Twitchell Island, California. Ag1 and Ag2, agricultural field sites; BPL, below-plow layer; PL, plow layer; Wo, open-water wetland site; Wv, vegetated wetland site.