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Aluminum Effect on Dissolution and Precipitation under Hyperalkaline Conditions

II. Solid Phase Transformations

^a O.S. Qafoku, Pacific Northwest National Lab., 902 Battelle Blvd., P.O. Box 999, MSIN: K3-61, Interfacial Geochemistry Group, Richland, WA 99352
^b Los Alamos National Lab., MS D469 EES-1: Geology and Geochemistry, Los Alamos, NM 87545

View larger version (36K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. X-ray diffraction patterns from the untreated and treated sediments of the Batch 1 study (major phases).

View larger version (38K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. X-ray diffraction patterns from the untreated and treated sediments of the Batch 1 study (minor phases).

View larger version (31K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. X-ray diffraction patterns of the (a) <53 µm and (b) >53 µm fractions of the untreated and treated sediments with 4 mol L-1 NaOH, 1 mol L-1 NaNO3, and 0.88 mol L-1 Al(NO3)3 solution at 7 d. The horizontal lines are the characteristic peaks of nitrate–cancrinite (Buhl et al., 2000).

View larger version (31K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. X-ray diffraction patterns of treated sediments with 1 mol L-1 NaOH, 1 mol L-1 NaNO3, and the respective Al(NO3)3 concentrations at 42 d (Batch 1 study).

View larger version (313K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. (a) Scanning electron micrograph taken in the untreated sediments; (b and c) Batch 1, 3 d: treated sediments with 1 mol L-1 NaOH, 1 mol L-1 NaNO3, and 0.055 mol L-1 Al(NO3)3 solution: the Si/Al aqueous molar ratio was equal to 0.121; (d) Batch 1, 7 d: the Si/Al aqueous molar ratio was equal to 0.096; (e) Batch 1, 21 d: the Si/Al aqueous molar ratio was equal to 0.284; (f and g) Batch 1, 42 d: the Si/Al aqueous molar ratio was equal to 14.17; (h and i) Batch 1, 42 d: sediments treated with 1 mol L-1 NaOH, 1 mol L-1 NaNO3, and 0.11 mol L-1 Al(NO3)3 solution: (h)cancrinite and probably sodalite crystals, and (i) a mica particle and the Fe-rich small ball crystals; (j) Batch 1, 42 d: treated with 1 mol L-1 NaOH, 1 mol L-1 NaNO3, and 0.165 mol L-1 Al(NO3)3 solution: cancrinite, probably sodalite, and zeophyllite crystals; (k) Batch 1, 42 d: treated with 1 mol L-1 NaOH, 1 mol L-1 NaNO3, and 0.22 mol L-1 Al(NO3)3 solution: cancrinite, probably sodalite, and zyophyllite crystals.