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Modeling Flow and Nitrate Fate at Catchment Scale in Brittany (France)

^a Joint Research Centre of the European Commission, Inst. for Environment and Sustainability, Soil and Waste Unit, TP 460, 21020 Ispra (VA), Italy
^b Cemagref Rennes, URE Gere, 17 avenue de Cucillé, 35044 Rennes Cedex, France
^c Laboratory of Applied Geology, Univ. of Paris 6, T.26-0 E.5 case 123, 4, place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France

View larger version (19K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Location of the study area.

View larger version (16K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Location of piezometers (x) and stream gauging stations (•).

View larger version (25K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Measured and simulated daily discharge (m3 s-1) at the outlet.

View larger version (28K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Measured and simulated monthly discharge (m3 s-1) at Villeneuve gauging station.

View larger version (19K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Measured (closed symbols) and simulated (open symbols) piezometric levels (m) between January 1994 and June 1997 for the three different wells.

View larger version (23K): [in a new window]   Fig. 6. Measured, simulated by simple SWAT, and simulated by the coupled models SWAT–MODFLOW–MT3DMS monthly NO3 load (103 kg) in the surface water at the outlet.

View larger version (22K): [in a new window]   Fig. 7. Measured, simulated by simple SWAT, and simulated by the coupled models SWAT–MODFLOW–MT3DMS monthly NO3 load (103 kg) in the surface water at Villeneuve.

View larger version (29K): [in a new window]   Fig. 8. Nitrogen percolation to ground water for current application and two scenarios concerning applications of 210 and 170 kg N ha-1 yr-1 as prescribed by the Nitrates Directive.

View larger version (22K): [in a new window]   Fig. 9. Nitrate concentration in ground water near the outlet for present applications of 282 kg N ha-1 yr-1 and for scenarios as prescribed by the Nitrates Directive (210 and 170 kg N ha-1 yr-1).

View larger version (24K): [in a new window]   Fig. 10. Nitrate concentration in ground water near the outlet for present applications of 282 kg N ha-1 yr-1 during a 20-yr period and for the scenario as prescribed by the Nitrates Directive (amount of manure would be 210 kg N ha-1 yr-1 by 1999, and 170 kg N ha-1 by 2003).