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Speciation of Phosphorus in Phosphorus-Enriched Agricultural Soils Using X-Ray Absorption Near-Edge Structure Spectroscopy and Chemical Fractionation

^a Natural Resources Canada, CANMET, 555 Booth Street, Office 332A, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1A 0G1
^b Department of Soil Science, North Carolina State University, Box 7619, 3235 Williams Hall, Raleigh, NC 27695-7619
^c National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, P.O. Box 12233, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709
^d Canada Centre for Remote Sensing, 588 Booth Street, 4th floor, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1A 0Y7
^e Soil Science Department, University of Manitoba, 362 Ellis Building, Winnipeg, MB, Canada R3T 2N2
^f Department of Physics, North Carolina State University, Box 8202, Raleigh, NC 27695-8202

View larger version (35K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Stacked P K-XANES (X-ray absorption near-edge structure) spectra for selected phosphate standards: (A) P related to Fe, (B) Ca phosphates, and (C) others. Data are background- and baseline-corrected and normalized to the P K-edge at 2149 eV.

View larger version (34K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Least-squares fits of the P K-XANES (X-ray absorption near-edge structure) spectra of the five soil samples: (A) sb2.1-A, (B) Ma2-A, (C) PV2-A, (D) Ma3-B, and (E) AI2-B (P/ferrihydrite, P/goethite, and P/alumina = PO4 adsorbed on ferrihydrite, goethite, or alumina; octaCaPO4 = octacalcium phosphate; hydroxyap. = hydroxyapatite; NC FePO4 = noncrystalline FePO4). For PV2-A and AI2-B, the first best fit among the best solutions reported in Table 3 is illustrated.

View larger version (19K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Relationships between the proportions of different P species determined by X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) fitting versus those obtained via sequential chemical fractionation for corresponding pools: (A) P associated with Ca; (B) P related to Fe or Al phase.