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Characterization of Sewage Sludge Organic Matter Using Solid-State Carbon-13 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Ronald J. Smernik*,a, Ian W. Olivera and Graham Merringtona,b

a Dep. of Soil and Water, Waite Agricultural Research Institute, Univ. of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia
b Environment Agency, National Centre for Ecotoxicology & Hazardous Substances, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BD, UK



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  		Fig. 1. Carbon-13 cross polarization (CP) and Bloch decay (BD) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of the whole sludges. The number of scans acquired for each CP spectrum was: Bolivar 95 = 11 000; Bolivar 97 = 18 000; Chelsea 96 = 24 000; Werribee 97 = 100 000; West Hornsby = 27 000; Port Kembla = 29 000. Each BD spectrum represents 900 to 1000 scans.

 


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  		Fig. 2. Carbon-13 cross polarization (CP) and Bloch decay (BD) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of the hydrofluoric acid (HF)–treated sludges. The number of scans acquired for each CP spectrum was: Bolivar 95 = 10 000; Bolivar 97 = 5000; Chelsea 96 = 10 000; Werribee 97 = 6000; West Hornsby = 5000; Port Kembla = 10 000. Each BD spectrum represents 900 to 1000 scans.

 




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