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Efficacy of Alum and Coal Combustion By-Products in Stabilizing Manure Phosphorus

Z. Dou*,a, G. Y. Zhangb, W. L. Stoutc, J. D. Totha and J. D. Fergusona

a Center for Animal Health and Productivity, School of Veterinary Medicine, Univ. of Pennsylvania, 382 West Street Road, Kennett Square, PA 19348
b Soil Science Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
c USDA-ARS, Pasture Systems and Watershed Management Research Laboratory, Curtin Road, University Park, PA 16802



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  		Fig. 1. Phosphorus fraction distributions in untreated dairy, swine, and broiler control samples.

 


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  		Fig. 2. Reduction of readily soluble P (solid lines for inorganic P and broken lines for organic P) in dairy, swine, and broiler manure samples treated with (a) alum, (b) fluidized bed combustion fly ash (FBC), and (c) flue gas desulfurization by-product (FGD). Readily soluble P was determined in filtrates of 2 g moist sample + 98 mL deionized water after 1 h of shaking. Error bars are means plus one standard deviation. DM, dry matter.

 


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  		Fig. 3. Changes in inorganic P concentrations in four P fractions as affected by treatments: (a) alum at 100 g kg-1, (b) fluidized bed combustion fly ash (FBC) at 400 g kg-1, and (c) flue gas desulfurization by-product (FGD) at 250 g kg-1, as compared with untreated controls.

 




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Journal of Natural Resources
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