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Soil Mixing to Decrease Surface Stratification of Phosphorus in Manured Soils

USDA-ARS, Pasture Systems and Watershed Management Research Unit, Building 3702, Curtin Road, University Park, PA 16802-3702

View larger version (22K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Mehlich-3 extractable soil P concentration with profile depth for soils in Lancaster and Northumberland counties of Pennsylvania.

View larger version (18K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Mehlich-3 extractable soil P concentration as a function of mixing 0- to 5- and 5- to 20-cm depth samples in ratios of 4:0, 3:1, 2:2, 1:3, and 0:4.

View larger version (17K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. The Mehlich-3 extractable soil P of a mixture of 5 g of 0- to 5-cm and 15 g of 5- to 20-cm depth samples (i.e., 1:3 ratio) as a function of the weighted mean of Mehlich-3 P of 0- to 5-cm and 15 g of 5- to 20-cm depth samples for the 18 Oklahoma and Pennsylvania profiles.

View larger version (17K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. The decline in Mehlich-3 extractable soil P of a mixture of 5 g of 0- to 5-cm and 15 g of 5- to 20-cm depth samples (i.e., 1:3 ratio) compared with 0- to 5-cm samples as a function of P sorption maximum of soil from the 5- to 20-cm depth for the 18 Oklahoma and Pennsylvania profiles.

View larger version (27K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Phosphorus sorption as a function of solution P concentration for 0- to 5- and 5- to 20-cm depth samples of soil mixed in ratios of 4:0, 3:1, 2:2, 1:3, and 0:4.

View larger version (27K): [in a new window]   Fig. 6. Concentration of sediment and dissolved, particulate, and total P in overland flow before and after plowing a high-P Berks soil (495 mg kg-1 Mehlich-3 P) and from an unplowed low-P (25 mg kg-1 Mehlich-3 P) and high-P Berks soil (411 mg kg-1 Mehlich-3 P).

View larger version (23K): [in a new window]   Fig. 7. Relationship between particulate enrichment and sediment discharge of overland flow before and after plowing a high-P Berks soil (495 mg kg-1 Mehlich-3 P) and unplowed low-P (25 mg kg-1 Mehlich-3 P) and high-P Berks soil (411 mg kg-1 Mehlich-3 P).