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Ethylenediaminedissuccinate as a New Chelate for Environmentally Safe Enhanced Lead Phytoextraction

H. Grcman, D. Vodnik, S. Velikonja-Bolta and D. Lestan*

Agronomy Dep., Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia



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Fig. 1. Concentrations of Pb, Cd, and Zn in leaves of Chinese cabbage grown on contaminated soil in response to different EDTA (black) and EDDS (white) addition: 3 mmol kg-1 single dose addition (3S), 5 mmol kg-1 single dose addition (5S), 5 mmol kg-1 weekly additions (5W), 10 mmol kg-1 single dose addition (10S), 10 mmol kg-1 weekly additions (10W), and control soil with no EDTA addition. Means of five replicates are presented; error bars represent standard deviation. Statistically different treatments according to the Tukey test are labeled with different letters.

 


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Fig. 2. The effects of 5 and 10 mmol kg-1 weekly additions of EDDS and EDTA on Pb, Zn, and Cd leaching from soil during the phytoextraction experiment. The means of five replicates are presented; error bars represent standard deviation.

 


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Fig. 3. Red clover shoot dry weight in response to 5 mmol kg-1 (5W) and 10 mmol kg-1 (10W) weekly additions of EDDS or EDTA and control soil with no chelate addition. Means of four replicates are presented; error bars represent standard error.

 


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Fig. 4. The structure of microbial groups (fungal, bacterial, and actinomycetes) determined as mol % of PLFAs in soil after 1 and 56 d of chelate addition in a single dose of 10 mmol kg-1 soil. Means of three replicates are presented; error bars represent standard deviation. Statistically different treatments according to the Tukey test are labeled with different letters.

 


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Fig. 5. Stress index (trans to cis PLFA ratio) of microbial populations in soil after 1 and 56 d of chelate addition in a single dose of 10 mmol kg-1 soil. Means of three replicates are presented; error bars represent standard deviation. Statistically different treatments according to the Tukey test are labeled with different letters.

 





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