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Decadal Change in Vegetation and Soil Phosphorus Pattern across the Everglades Landscape

^a Dep. of Biological Sciences, Florida International Univ., Miami, FL 33199
^b Southeast Environmental Research Center, Florida International Univ., Miami, FL 33199
^c South Florida Ecosystems Restoration Task Force, Department of the Interior, Miami, FL 33199

View larger version (26K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. (A) Map of southern Florida and the Everglades showing the location of the transects. (B) schematic of the sampling scheme used for macrophyte and soil sampling in 1989 (see Doren et al., 1997) and 1999.

View larger version (28K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Macrophyte and soils data from the Loxahatchee National Wildlife Refuge transect. (A) Total aboveground standing live biomass; (B) total aboveground standing dead biomass; (C) tissue phosphorus content of the dominant species (sawgrass, spikerush, or cattail); (D) soil phosphorus (curve fit for the 0- to 29-km sites: C = 288 + 695e(-0.52d), r2 = 0.79, p < 0.001).

View larger version (45K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Dendrogram of plant community groupings for all transects based on Sorensen's distance similarity with analysis of variance (ANOVA) post-hoc test results for soil P similarity shown in parentheses (same letters indicate no significant difference in soil P). (A) Loxahatchee National Wildlife Refuge (soil P results: Group 1 A, Group 2 B, Group 3 C, Group 4 BC); (B) Water Conservation Area (WCA) 2A (soil P results: Group 1 A, Group 2 AC, Group 3 BC); (C) WCA-3A (soil P results: Group 1 A, Group 2 B, Group 4 B, none for Group 3); (D) Shark River Slough, Everglades National Park (soil P results: Group 2 A, Group 3 A, none for Group 1); (E) Taylor Slough, Everglades National Park.

View larger version (22K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Macrophyte and soils data from the Water Conservation Area (WCA) 2A transect. (A) Total aboveground standing live biomass; (B) total aboveground standing dead biomass; (C) tissue phosphorus content of the dominant species (sawgrass, spikerush, or cattail); (D) soil phosphorus (curve fit for the 4- to 14-km sites: C = 417 + 889e(-1.74d), r2 = 0.89, p < 0.10).

View larger version (24K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Macrophyte and soils data from the Water Conservation Area (WCA) 3A transect. (A) Total aboveground standing live biomass; (B) total aboveground standing dead biomass; (C) tissue phosphorus content of the dominant species (sawgrass, spikerush, or cattail); (D) soil phosphorus (transect mean = 361 ± 61 mg kg-1, range = 260–479 mg kg-1 excluding the 0-km cattail site).

View larger version (25K): [in a new window]   Fig. 6. Macrophyte and soils data from the Shark River Slough (Everglades National Park) transect. (A) Total aboveground standing live biomass; (B) total aboveground standing dead biomass; (C) tissue phosphorus content of the dominant species (sawgrass, spikerush, or cattail); (D) soil phosphorus (curve fit: C = 210 + 746e(-1.65d), r2 = 0.82, p < 0.001).

View larger version (19K): [in a new window]   Fig. 7. Macrophyte and soils data from the Taylor Slough (Everglades National Park) transect. (A) Total aboveground standing live biomass; (B) total aboveground standing dead biomass; (C) tissue phosphorus content of the dominant species (sawgrass, spikerush, or cattail); (D) soil phosphorus (transect mean = 131 ± 16 mg kg-1, range = 109–151 mg kg-1 excluding both 4-km marl soil sites).

View larger version (28K): [in a new window]   Fig. 8. Comparison of plant biodiversity from 1989 to 1999 by transect for the Loxahatchee, Water Conservation Area (WCA) 2A, WCA-3A, and Shark River Slough transects, including total numbers of native species versus exotic species from both samplings.