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Mapping the Probability of Exceeding Critical Thresholds for Cadmium Concentrations in Soils in the Netherlands

^a W. de Vries, Alterra, Green World Research, P.O. Box 47, 6700 Wageningen, the Netherlands
^b Agricultural University Wageningen, Duivendaal 10, P.O. Box 37, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands
^c National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, P.O. Box 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven, the Netherlands

View larger version (22K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Cumulative frequency distributions of Cd (mg kg-1) in the topsoil for categories defined in terms of soil parent material and land use.

View larger version (61K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Estimated Cd concentration (mg kg-1) in the topsoil. Median of 10 000 values simulated with the updated conditional distribution functions of Cd are taken as estimates. The class boundaries are chosen such that the number of cells in each class is approximately equal.

View larger version (69K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Difference between updated Cd concentration (Fig. 2) and a priori Cd concentration (mg kg-1) in the topsoil.

View larger version (13K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Cumulative frequency distributions of estimated critical threshold for Cd concentrations in soils (mg kg-1) (A) and of estimated probability of exceeding this critical threshold (B). For grassland the probability of exceeding the critical threshold for Cd concentrations in soil is 0.0 nearly everywhere, when the quality standard for Cd in kidney (2.5 mg kg-1) or in grass (1.0 mg kg-1) is used to calculate the critical threshold for Cd in soils.

View larger version (61K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Estimated critical threshold for Cd (mg kg-1) in soils for the actual land use. For arable soils the reference crop is sugar beet. The class boundaries are chosen such that the number of cells in each class is approximately equal.

View larger version (65K): [in a new window]   Fig. 6. Estimated probability of exceeding critical threshold for Cd in soils. For arable soils the reference crop is sugar beet.