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Phosphorus Forms in Biosolids-Amended Soils and Losses in Runoff

Effects of Wastewater Treatment Process

Department of Plant and Soil Sci., Univ. of Delaware, Newark, DE 19717-1303

View larger version (24K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Soil iron-oxide-coated filter paper strip–extractable phosphorus (FeO-P) expressed as a percentage of total P analyzed by the USEPA 3050 acid–peroxide digestion method (EPA3050 P) added with biosolids and poultry litter (PL) to the (a) Elsinboro silt loam and (b) Woodstown sandy loam (error bars indicate standard deviation). BNR, biological nutrient removal.

View larger version (17K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Effect of biosolids and poultry litter (PL) inorganic P distribution on runoff dissolved reactive phosphorus (DRP) losses from the amended (a) Elsinboro silty loam and (b) Woodstown sandy loam. Al-P, Ca-P, and Fe-P, aluminum-, calcium-, and iron-related phosphorus, respectively; LS-P, loosely soluble phosphorus; RS-P, reductant-soluble phosphorus.

View larger version (19K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Effect of poultry litter (PL) and biosolids added calcium-related phosphorus (Ca-P) on (a) Elsinboro silty clay loam and (b) Woodstown sandy loam Mehlich-3 phosphorus (M3-P).

View larger version (17K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Relationship of soil degree of phosphorus saturation (DPS) with runoff dissolved reactive phosphorus (DRP) to soil iron-oxide-coated filter paper strip–extractable phosphorus (FeO-P) ratio.

View larger version (17K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Relationship of added biosolids water-soluble phosphorus (WSP) with measured soil WSP concentrations in poultry litter (PL) and biosolids-amended (a) Elsinboro silty clay loam and (b) Woodstown sandy loam soils.