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A Simple Numerical Model for Predicting Organic Matter Decomposition in a Fed-Batch Composting Operation

Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Shizuoka Univ., 3-5-1 Johoku, Hamamatsu, 432-8561, Japan

View larger version (43K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Schematic diagram of the experimental composting system.

View larger version (20K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Changes in the percentage of carbon loss, XC, with time during composting. Error bars indicate ±SD. (A) Batch operation. (B) Fed-batch operation.

View larger version (20K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. The courses over time of the measured and calculated values of percentage of carbon loss during the composting of the batch operation. Calculated values were obtained using Eq. [5] with each of the three sets (I–III) of parameters shown in Table 1.

View larger version (29K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. The courses over time of the measured and predicted values of percentage of carbon loss during the composting of the fed-batch operation. Predicted values were obtained using Eq. [7] with the three sets of parameters (I–III) shown in Table 1. For the sake of simplicity in calculation, tL was always kept at zero, even for the dog food thrown into the reactor at the start of the fed-batch operation on the 0th day.

View larger version (25K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. The courses over time of the cumulative wet weight of garbage introduced into the composting machine, and the residual wet weight of the garbage.

View larger version (21K): [in a new window]   Fig. 6. The courses over time of the moisture content, and the percentage of reduction calculated as a ratio of weight loss (from organic matter decomposition and water vaporization) to the cumulative wet weight of the garbage introduced into the composting machine.

View larger version (28K): [in a new window]   Fig. 7. The courses over time of the measured and predicted values of the percentage of garbage decomposition using three different values for gr, a fraction of dry matter recalcitrant to degradation in the garbage. Closed circles are for the measured values, and the solid, broken, and dotted lines refer to the predicted values by using Eq. [9] with the gr values of 0.31, 0.38, and 0.45, respectively.