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Climatic and Agricultural Factors in Nutrient Exports from Two Watersheds in Ohio

Department of Geological Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH 44106-7216

View larger version (26K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Location of climate, streamflow, and load stations in the Maumee and Sandusky River basins.

View larger version (33K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Dependence of load on discharge at the Maumee River site.

View larger version (64K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Variation of stream discharge by month. In box plots, central line is median; box covers interquartile range; whiskers reach to data minima and maxima, excluding outliers (dashes). Shading indicates the seasonal groups used in the model.

View larger version (64K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Variation in snow cover fraction by month.

View larger version (75K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. The p values and correlations for mean discharge in preceding 12 months as an explanatory variable for nitrate plus nitrite load–discharge residuals. A down triangle indicates negative correlation (tendency to decrease load), and an up triangle indicates positive correlation. Triangle size is proportional to correlation coefficient. Plotting position gives p value; significance increases downward. Points above top line are not significant at 95% confidence.

View larger version (15K): [in a new window]   Fig. 6. Decrease in nitrate plus nitrite load–discharge residuals with increasing nitrogen fertilizer deliveries, Maumee watershed, 1982–1995.

View larger version (15K): [in a new window]   Fig. 7. Increase of current year's nitrogen fertilizer deliveries with mean streamflow over the 12 months preceding April, in the Maumee watershed.

View larger version (73K): [in a new window]   Fig. 8. The p values and correlations for several current-year agricultural variables: (a) Conservation Reserve Program enrollment, (b) conservation tillage, and (c) phosphorus from manure, as explanatory variables for soluble reactive phosphorus load–discharge residuals in the Sandusky watershed.

View larger version (69K): [in a new window]   Fig. 9. The p values and correlations for maximum daily rainfall as an explanatory variable for total suspended solids load–discharge residuals.