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Point- and Nonpoint-Source Pesticide Contamination in the Zwester Ohm Catchment, Germany

^a Dep. of Agric. Ecology and Nat. Resources Management, Univ. of Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392 Giessen, Germany
^b Dep. of Ecological Chem. and Ecotoxicology, Univ. of Kassel, Steinstraße 19, 37213 Witzenhausen, Germany

View larger version (33K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Location of sampling sites in the catchment area.

View larger version (29K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Pattern of rainfall, natural discharge of the Zwester Ohm, and human effluents consisting of the discharges of the two wastewater treatment plants, 14 combined sewer overflows, and four combined sewer overflow tanks.

View larger version (15K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Sum of concentrations of all pesticides analyzed of the water samples taken from the Zwester Ohm during the investigation period (10 Mar. 1997–31 May 1998). The dashed line delineates the drinking water quality objective for the sum of all pesticides set by the EC.

View larger version (28K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Pattern of the total discharge, the detected concentrations, and the resulting cumulative load of isoproturon (IPU) in the Zwester Ohm during the investigation period (10 Mar. 1997–31 May 1998).

View larger version (29K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Seasonal distribution of the loading for different pesticides during the investigation period (10 Mar. 1997–31 May 1998). Note the different scales of the ordinates and the fact that the phenoxy acid herbicides were only analyzed in spring.

View larger version (33K): [in a new window]   Fig. 6. The point-source pollution as a percentage of the total load during different seasons.