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Binding of 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene and its Degradation Products in a Soil Organic Matter Two-Phase System

^a Dep. of Forest Ecology, Swedish Univ. of Agriculture, SLU, S-901 83 Umeå, Sweden
^b Defence Research Establishment, FOA, S-901 82 Umeå, Sweden

View larger version (33K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Measured 14C activity inside and outside the dialysis membrane after 48 h of equilibration. A schematic high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection (HPLC–UV) chromatogram (254 nm, total run of 15 min) is presented in relation to the five collected fractions used in the 14C analysis. The first fraction contains the sum of trinitrotoluene and its degradation products (TNT*) bound to dissolved organic matter (DOM), the second and fifth fractions are unknown 14C, and the third and fourth contain TNT and aminodinitrotoluene (ADNT), respectively.

View larger version (28K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Free trinitrotoluene (TNT) and aminodinitrotoluene (ADNT) concentrations as a function of time, pH, and ionic strength in the presence of 0 or 90 mg C L-1 of dissolved organic matter (DOM) (one-phase system). Filled symbols refer to pH 6.0 and open to pH 3.7. The initial concentrations were calculated. IS = ionic strength.

View larger version (26K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Concentrations of trinitrotoluene (TNT; filled symbols) and aminodinitrotoluene (ADNT; open symbols) in solution and 14C bound to dissolved organic matter (DOM) (filled symbols with dot) as a function of time at four different soil organic matter (SOM) concentrations. The pH was 5 to 6 and the ionic strength was held constant at 50 mM NaCl. The initial concentrations were calculated.

View larger version (23K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Association of the sum of trinitrotoluene and its degradation products (TNT*) to dissolved organic matter (DOM) as a function of pH and solution concentrations of TNT. The TNT* bound to DOM was determined as 14C activity in the DOM fraction after 20 h of equilibration. Langmuir isotherms are shown for two-phase (particulate organic matter [POM] + DOM) and one-phase (DOM) systems.

View larger version (21K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Adsorption of the sum of trinitrotoluene and its degradation products (TNT*) to particulate organic matter (POM) at different pH. The ionic medium was 50 mM NaCl. IS = ionic strength.

View larger version (20K): [in a new window]   Fig. 6. Adsorption isotherms for the sum of trinitrotoluene and its degradation products (TNT*) associated to particulate organic matter (POM) and dissolved organic matter (DOM) at pH = 5.6 and an ionic strength of 50 mM NaCl.