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Degradation of Biomacromolecules during High-Rate Composting of Wheat Straw–Amended Feces

A. H. M. Veeken*,a, F. Adanid, K. G. J. Nieropb, P. A. de Jagerc and H. V. M. Hamelersa

a Dep. of Environmental Technology, Wageningen Agricultural Univ., P.O. Box 8129, 6700 EV Wageningen, the Netherlands
b Lab. of Soil Science and Geology, Wageningen Agricultural Univ., P.O. Box 8129, 6700 EV Wageningen, the Netherlands
c Lab. of Molecular Physics, Wageningen Agricultural Univ., P.O. Box 8129, 6700 EV Wageningen, the Netherlands
d Dipartimento di Fisiologia delle Piante Coltivate e Chimica Agraria, Univ. of Milan, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy



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  		Fig. 1. Characteristics of the composting process. (A) Oxygen uptake rate (OUR) and cumulative oxygen consumption (COU). (B) Ratio of oxygen uptake rate on carbon dioxide production rate (CPR). (C) Flow rates of incoming and recirculation air. (D) Average temperature of the compost bed.

 


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  		Fig. 2. Cross polarization magic angle spinning (CPMAS) 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of straw, pig feces, and compost bed after 1 and 4 wk of composting.

 


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  		Fig. 3. Absolute changes in relative areas of the four nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) regions during high-rate composting of wheat straw–amended pig feces.

 


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  		Fig. 4. Recovery of the four biomacromolecules during sequential forage fiber analysis of the sample after 1 wk of composting (NDF, neutral detergent fiber; NDADF, neutral detergent acid detergent fiber; ADL, acid detergent lignin).

 


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  		Fig. 5. Pyrolysis gas chromatography traces of straw, pig feces, and the compost bed after 1 and 4 wk of composting ({square}, polysaccharides; {blacksquare}, lignin; {circ}, fatty acids; {diamondsuit}, steroids).

 


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  		Fig. 6. Development of total organic matter and specific organic compounds during high-rate composting of wheat straw–amended pig feces.

 




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The SCI Journals Agronomy Journal Crop Science
Journal of Natural Resources
and Life Sciences Education		 Vadose Zone Journal
Soil Science Society of America Journal Journal of Plant Registrations The Plant Genome
Copyright © 2001 by the American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America.