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Oxidation of Phenolic Acid Derivatives by Soil and Its Relevance to Allelopathic Activity

Department of Plant, Soil and Environmental Sciences, Univ. of Maine, 5722 Deering Hall, Orono, ME 04469-5722

View larger version (21K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Ultraviolet absorbance spectra of (A) 2-hydroxycinnamic acid and (B) 3,4-dihydroxycinnamic acid solutions prior to and after a 3-h reaction with soil. All spectra were corrected for background organic matter absorption by spectral subtraction of the deionized–distilled water (DI-H2O) control solution.

View larger version (16K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Relationship between soil Mn release and phenolic acid sorption for the eight phenolic acids used in the study. The open symbols represent phenolic acids that did not significantly release soil Mn and the filled symbols represent phenolic acids that did significantly release soil Mn as shown in Table 1.

View larger version (13K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Relationship between cyclic voltammetry peak current and soil Mn release for the four cinnamic acid derivatives used in the study.

View larger version (25K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Average root length for wild mustard seedlings exposed to the four cinnamic acid derivatives at 0.25 mmol L-1 concentration and deionized–distilled water (DI-H2O) control solutions with and without exposure to soil. CTL = DI-H2O control; 4-OH = 4-hydroxycinnamic acid; 2-OH = 2-hydroxycinnamic acid; 3-CH3O-4-OH = 4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamic acid; and 3,4-DiOH = 3,4-dihydroxycinnamic acid.