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The Influence of Vegetation on Sedimentation and Resuspension of Soil Particles in Small Constructed Wetlands

B.C. Braskerud*

JORDFORSK (Norwegian Centre for Soil and Environmental Research), Frederik A. Dahls vei 20, N-1432 Aas, Norway



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Fig. 1. Watersheds of Constructed Wetlands A, B, C, and D are dominated by forest. The CWs are located in the stream, close to the letter.

 


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Fig. 2. Schematic diagram of a constructed wetland showing location of sedimentation traps (1–6) and sites for composite water sampling in the inlet and outlet (#). Sedimentation plates were located near Sediment Traps 4, 5, and 6.

 


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Fig. 3. Diagram of sedimentation trap used in this study.

 


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Fig. 5. Seasonal changes in hydraulic load and suspended sediment concentration at the inlet and outlet of Constructed Wetland A (1, December–February; 2, March–May; 3, June–August; 4, September–November; #, missing value).

 


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Fig. 10. The annual percentage of sediments in traps that exceeds sediments on plates in the upper part. In the lower part, sediments on plates exceed that on traps (±P = 0.05, confidence interval). Data from all constructed wetlands (CWs).

 


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Fig. 4. Development of vegetation cover in the four constructed wetlands.

 


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Fig. 6. Hydraulic load and suspended sediment concentration per composite sampling episode, at the inlet and outlet of Constructed Wetland A, in autumn 1991 and 1993 (#, missing value).

 


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Fig. 7. The influence of vegetation cover on soil particle retention in four constructed wetlands (CWs) in summer (a, May–October), and in two CWs in the winter (b, November–April), according to composite sample data.

 


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Fig. 8. As an example of sediment deposition in Constructed Wetland (CW) A in the delta area in the inlet (d), the sedimentation basin (s), and the wetland filter (f), based on sedimentation trap data.

 


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Fig. 9. Annual mean sedimentation in the wetland filters based on sedimentation plate data in the four constructed wetlands (CWs).

 


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Fig. 11. Annual average resuspension of sediment in the wetland filters.

 


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Fig. 12. Rotated two-factor analyses, where hydraulic load (1) and vegetation covers (2) in constructed wetlands (CWs) influence soil particle retention (3), clay content (4), and resuspension of soil particles (5).

 





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The SCI Journals Agronomy Journal Crop Science
Journal of Natural Resources
and Life Sciences Education
Vadose Zone Journal
Soil Science Society of America Journal Journal of Plant Registrations The Plant Genome
Copyright © 2001 by the American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America.