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Seasonal Leaching and Biodegradation of Dicamba in Turfgrass

^a Dep. of Land Resource Science, Univ. of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada N1G 2W1
^b Dep. of Environmental Biology, Univ. of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada N1G 2W1

View larger version (34K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Schematic diagram of a field lysimeter showing instrumentation.

View larger version (23K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Dicamba concentrations in soil solution at 9-, 17-, 29-, 43-, 54-, 69-, and 85-cm depths below the turf surface (horizon in parentheses). Symbols represent field observations (obtained with suction samplers) for four lysimeters, the line represents LEACHM prediction, and arrows indicate application dates. The approximate detection limit is 0.2 mg L-1. Note the difference in maximum value along the ordinate of each graph.

View larger version (15K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. The fraction of dicamba remaining in thatch samples as a function of time. (a) 4°C and 0.21 water content, (b) 4°C and 0.28 water content, (c) 20°C and 0.21 water content, and (d) 20°C and 0.28 water content. The solid line indicates the curve described by Eq. [1].

View larger version (15K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. The fraction of dicamba remaining in soil samples as a function of time. (a) 4°C and 0.18 water content, (b) 4°C and 0.25 water content, (c) 20°C and 0.18 water content, and (d) 20°C and 0.25 water content. The solid line indicates the curve described by Eq. [1].

View larger version (21K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Predictions of dicamba concentration in soil water at the (A) 10- and (B) 54-cm depths, illustrating the effect of increased degradation in the turf layer. In one simulation the thatch and soil are treated separately, with different degradation rates (solid line), while in the other the entire profile is allotted the soil degradation rate (dashed line). Arrows indicate application dates.