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Assessment of Metal Availability in Smelter Soil Using Earthworms and Chemical Extractions

Jason M. Conder, Roman P. Lanno* and Nicholas T. Basta

Dep. of Plant and Soil Sciences, Oklahoma State Univ., Stillwater, OK 74078



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  		Fig. 1. Mean percent cumulative mortality (n = 3) of the earthworm Eisenia fetida exposed to Blackwell smelter soil receiving remediation amendments. Data points with the same letter at the same mortality observation time are not significantly different (Fisher's protected LSD, P > 0.05).

 


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  		Fig. 2. Comparison of Ca(NO3)2–extractable Zn in Blackwell contaminated soils, with and without amendments, and lethal Ca(NO3)2–extractable Zn in artificial soil toxicity test (from Conder and Lanno, 2000). The dark line represents the Ca(NO3)2–extractable Zn based, time-independent LC50 (incipient lethal level, ILL) calculated from the artificial soil Zn toxicity test conducted with the earthworm Eisenia fetida; symbols indicate lethal soil–amendment combinations or artificial soils.

 


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  		Fig. 3. Plant Root Simulator (PRS) chelating ion-exchange membrane Zn uptake in Blackwell smelter and Taloka reference soils receiving remediation amendments. Columns (mean, n = 4, ±95% CI) with the same letter are not significantly different (Fisher's protected LSD, P > 0.05); symbols indicate soil–amendment combinations lethal to the earthworm Eisenia fetida.

 




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The SCI Journals Agronomy Journal Crop Science
Vadose Zone Journal Journal of Plant Registrations
Journal of Natural Resources
and Life Sciences Education		 Soil Science Society of America Journal
Copyright © 2001 by the American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America.