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Timing of Phosphorus Fertilizer Application within an Irrigation Cycle for Perennial Pasture

^a Dep. of Natural Resources and Environment, Institute of Sustainable Irrigated Agriculture, Ferguson Rd., Tatura, Victoria, 3616, Australia
^b Water-Use Efficiency Unit, NSW Agriculture, P.O. Box 865, Dubbo, NSW, 2830, Australia

View larger version (10K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Irrigation schedule for each treatment. The dashed line represents the application of 44 kg P ha-1 as single superphosphate. Ep - R = accumulated U.S. Class A pan evaporation minus rainfall. For treatments, nFm is the fertilizer application, where n is the nominal soil water deficit as described by Ep - R at fertilizer application, and m is the nominal change in soil water content between fertilizer application and the subsequent irrigation and is described by the additional accumulated Ep - R. Ip is the irrigation that established Ep - R at fertilizer application. I1 is the first irrigation following fertilizer application. I2 and I3 are the second and third irrigations following fertilizer application. represents 11.4 mm of rainfall that fell 4 d after fertilizer application.

View larger version (34K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Average total phosphorus (TP) and filtrable reactive phosphorus (FRP) concentrations sampled in runoff and in the soil during the first irrigation following fertilizer application. Different subscripts (a, b, c) above the bars indicate significant differences (P < 0.05) between treatments at each depth or time, calculated using Fisher's unrestricted least significant difference (P < 0.05).

View larger version (56K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Average total phosphorus (TP) and filtrable reactive phosphorus (FRP) concentrations sampled in runoff and in the soil during the second irrigation following fertilizer application. Different subscripts (a, b, c) above the bars indicate significant differences (P < 0.05) between treatments at each depth or time, calculated using Fisher's unrestricted least significant difference (P < 0.05).

View larger version (65K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Average total phosphours (TP) and filtrable reactive phosphorus (FRP) concentrations sampled in runoff and in the soil during the third irrigation following fertilizer application. Different subscripts (a, b, c) above the bars indicate significant differences (P < 0.05) between treatments at each depth or time, calculated using Fisher's unrestricted least significant difference (P < 0.05).