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A Micrometeorological Technique to Monitor Total Hydrocarbon Emissions from Landfarms to the Atmosphere

^a Dep. of Land Resource Science, Univ. of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada N1G 2W1
^b School of Engineering, Univ. of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada N1G 2W1
^c Bell Canada, 250 Fieldway Rd., Toronto, ON, Canada M8Z 3L2

View larger version (44K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Schematic of system developed to measure total hydrocarbon (THC) fluxes from petroleum-contaminated soils. (A) THC gradient (C) measurement equipment and instrumentation. (B) Micrometeorological instrumentation to determine eddy diffusivity (K). (C) Data acquisition and control system to integrate gradient measurement with micrometeorological measurements. (D) Supplemental data acquisition using data-loggers.

View larger version (28K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Ideal and actual total hydrocarbon detector (THD) response upon switching of solenoid between upper and lower intakes.

View larger version (22K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Total hydrocarbon fluxes over a diesel fuel–contaminated soil landfarm. Measurements made between 15 and 23 June 1996. Landfarm construction was completed on DOY 167. Tilling was performed in the afternoon of DOY 167 and the morning of DOY 171.

View larger version (20K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Total hydrocarbon fluxes over a refinery landfarm measured between 15 and 18 Sept. 1997. Liquid oily waste was spread between 1330 and 1400 on DOY 259. Dewatered biosolids were spread between 1500 and 1530 on DOY 261.

View larger version (22K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Total hydrocarbon fluxes over an active refinery landfarm. Data collected between 29 Oct. and 3 Nov. 1999. Dashed rectangles mark periods of intensive subsurface injection of oily liquid wastes and cultivation.